A good rule of thumb is to choose references from three
aspects of your life.
Professional references, former or current co-workers
or employers.
Educational references, former or current teachers or
professors who will attest to how quickly you learn and how
diligent you are or were as a student.
And, personal references, friends or colleagues
who have known you through good times and bad.
They will be able to tell the interviewer what a
conscientious friend you are.
Before volunteering your references' names to
the employer, be especially sure to ask for permission.
By asking permission, you will show your
respect for them and their busy schedules.
Although most of the time they will be happy to help
you in your career search, some previous employers or
professors may not wish to help you.
Respect their wishes: a reluctant reference is
worse than no reference at all!
Do not be surprised if the potential employer contacts
people other than those you have listed as your references.
Before you send or give a reference page to a potential
employer, give each reference a copy of your
resume and cover letter that you sent to that employer.
Also, supply each reference with a copy of the description
of the position for which you are applying and a list of the
specific features in your background that you would like
for him or her to mention to the employer.
The easier it is for the reference to help you,
the more likely that he or she will help you.
Remember to periodically update your references on how
your job search is going.
And to send a letter of thanks to each reference.